Keywords
Training Methodologies
Physical Exercise
How to Cite
Abstract
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological disease and is diagnosed in childhood. Symptoms vary according to motor and cognitive development, no or a few developed language and patterns of repetitive behaviors. Although not considered degenerative, has no cure. However, there are several types of treatment that can bring benefits and reduce the negative effects of this disorder, such as physical exercise. In the last decades, the beneficial potentials of physical exercise for this population has been much investigated. Thus, the research problem was defined as: is there any methodology that better meets the needs of this population? In view of this worry, this study of literature review had as objective to categorize the researches that associates the ASD with Physical Education and/or sport in the requirements: Objectives or research focus; Knowledge produced; Projection of new studies. As results of the research we find five categories, being: 1) Physical fitness and motor skills, 9 articles studied; 2) Improvements in stereotyped and social behaviors with 6 articles; 3) Academic commitment and 4) Quality of life and stress, we found 2 articles each; and 5) Cognitive performance, presenting 1 article. The articles show that a regular program of physical exercise is able to promote the individual with autism benefits as reduction of stereotyped and repetitive behavior, improvement in social behavior, enhancement of physical, motor and cognitive capacity, increase academic commitment, decrease levels of stress, attenuation of the degree of autism and improvements in quality of life. In addition, the effects of physical exercise practice, with an appropriate methodology, will are gradual and longer lasting even if they are left untrained for some period of time.
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